As a response to the debate description:
"In recent years biofuels have come to mean fuels such as ethanol and biodiesel which can be burned in engines to drive vehicles in place of fossil fuels like petroleum and diesel."
Yes, but they are the same if not worse for the environment as petroleum based combustibles.
"Ethanol can be made from a variety of crops, such as maize or sugarcane, while biodiesel is often made from palm oil, soya or rapeseed (canola)."
You forgot corn. Take all of these crops and make fuel and the price of food goes up. More people need more food than they do fuel... I don't even have a car, but I still pay (in my taxes) for corn crops. They are subsidized because it's mixed in fuel. It lowers the price at the pump, but costs the people without cars more... which means, when I'm riding my bike to work I'm partly paying for the assholes in the cars that don't care to watch out for me. Good to know...
"As the price of oil has soared in the past few years and biofuel production methods have improved, the price gap has narrowed considerably although levels of subsidy are an important part of the economic equation. Biofuels have also been promoted as a way of reducing carbon emissions and so of tackling global climate change. Over forty countries now offer some sort of subsidy to encourage the production and use of biofuels instead of fossil fuels."
And still we are promoting these crops for... fuel. They should be used as food, not fuels. We cannot eat electricity, but we can eat these crops. Why can't we ever just do what is least complicated and most reasonable!? Also, the idea that biofuels will be "healthier" is wrong, as I've said before. I've heard the argument both ways a million times but people aren't paying attention to the institutes saying that it might actually be a bad idea. We all want a good fuel, and we keep jumping on things that are only slightly better in some respects and claiming they are GREAT!
A quick google:
LA Times article
Guardian.co.uk article
Alpha-Bet Channel article
Spiegel.de article
TIME acticle
Here's a graph showing the carbon emissions produced per megajoule of energy. Look at Corn (USA)... It's higher than diesel and gasoline! This means for how much power you get from burning corn (ethanol), you make more emissions than if you were getting the same power out of petroleum based fuels!
Graph from Wikipedia
Also look at sugar cane. One reason the United States has so much High Fructose Corn Syrup is because we have to import most of our sugar... we don't grow much sugar cane in the United States... HFCS is a cheap sweetener made from corn, so there's nothing to import... My point is that we'd still be using fuel to transport fuel... raising the cost both in dollars spent and emissions created to get your biofuels to you.