Flipped Learning (Fall 2017)
Flipped Learning Pros
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Flipped Learning Cons
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1. Today’s students understand digital as they grew up with internet access, YouTube and other social media sites; therefore, using the flipped classroom model make senses because that’s what they know and it is easier for them to understand digital learning. 2. Since students learn at different paced, flipped classroom model allows them to learn on their own and ease the frustration if they do not understand content. The Flipped classroom model provides flexibility and students have also the option to work ahead. 3. It is easier for some students to learn by watching videos because they can pause the videos at any time, rewind videos and can go back to review the content that it is not clear. This is also a great advantage for students with disabilities who are unable to take notes. 4. Flipping allows helping those students who struggle the most. Teachers are able to spend most of their class time walking around and can better focus on those students that have more difficulties understanding the class materials. 5. Flipping allows teachers to leverage technology to increase interaction with students and to increase student-student interaction. The flipped model puts more of the responsibility for learning on the shoulders of students while giving them the opportunity to led activities and communicate more with each other. 6. Flipping allows for real differentiation because it allows personalizing the learning of all; flipping showed teachers how needy many of the students are and how some students quickly understand the content. Teachers scaffold these activities and make them accessible to all students through differentiation and feedback. 7. Flipping educates parents as many of them watch the lectures videos with their children at home. This leads to interesting discussions between students and parents about lesson contents. Claudia Paganelli Side: Flipped Learning Pros
Thank you cpagane1 for your argument and agree with your points. However, I am hesitant to jump on the bandwagon because there are already over 100 tools out there that address each of the points you've mentioned and more--Google Classroom, Kidblog, Wikis, Weebly, Kahoot, Bloomz, Edmodo, etc. In addition to this, how can you confirm that all students are accessing the content at home? Do they have a device to use at home? What if parents are uninvolved? How will you make sure the work is done, so the child is ready to enter the classroom for further instruction and differentiation? Side: Flipped Learning Cons
A flipped classroom is a method that can be implemented by using these tools -- a simple way to check and hold students accountable for looking at the material beforehand is to administer a pre-class quiz that the students have to take before class starts. This way, even if the students don't look at the video, the teacher will know the important key points to go over in the first 5-10 minutes of class and can spend the rest of the class time to do group work, discussions, debates, etc. Side: Flipped Learning Pros
I would agree that it is very easy to believe that since we all have access to so many different types of tools that we can just facilitate learning anywhere anytime. This is true to a point however, I will dispute a very important fact. There is a type of learning that occurs when something is taught to you by another human being in a social learning setting that does not occur online or while watching a video. There is something that happens during the act of human interaction in a physical sense that does not happen otherwise. An example of this will be in sports or agriculture where as I can watch a thousand videos from the comfort of my own home on fishing but nothing is going to prepare me for standing in that cold water early in the morning and gutting a fish but the actual experience. There is something about the social interaction of humans that takes learning to another level. You get some of this online but the emotions of love, friendship, comradeship, pain, turmoil and pressure when felt in the presence of other humans can not be substituted by a video screen. I took a singing lesson from a soprano and nothing could prepare me for hearing that sound coming out of her body while she was sitting right in front of me. I could feel the sound come out of her body. You can't experience all of the senses the same way in regards a human lecture vs online lecture. However, this theory of mine is based entirely on the material being taught. I remember watching the Challenger explode during take off in elementary school with my classmates and NOTHING could replace the feeling we all felt together at that moment in that class. We can't forget all else that occurs during human interaction that facilitates learning. Side: Flipped Learning Cons
Hello Cpagane! Great post and I truly see the passion that you possess regarding the topic. However I would to dispute two specific points "#3 & #5". As for #3, even though the assumption maybe that students learn a lot easier by videos however videos can't answer questions. Most videos are good at delivering a message to a learner but the student isn't able to engage with an educator while a video is being played. Lastly as you mentioned in #5, I don't agree that the responsibility for learning shouldn't be "on the student". Personally I believe that instructors are trained, paid, and should hold full responsibility of how their students learn. There is a big difference between using technology to increase interaction with students and making it a responsibility of students to teach themselves. Side: Flipped Learning Cons
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Today’s students are deeply blinded by the grandeur of technology. I strongly feel that students nowadays are more inclined to learning concepts in ways that are unconventional to their eyes. The traditional teaching, where a teacher is in the front is already so outdated, now is the time for a flipped classroom. I firmly believe in the power of a flipped classroom because of three resounding reasons – flexibility, student-centeredness, and enhancements in student mastery in assignments and projects to blended learning. First, the flexibility of a flipped classroom is what makes this approach a better one, compared to the traditional way of teaching. A flipped classroom “…create[s] flexible spaces in which students choose when and where they learn” (Flipped, Learning, 2014, p. 1). In other words, students can access their homework anytime, anywhere. The accessibility and flexibility of having a flipped classroom are that students do not have to worry about losing the worksheet(s) given in class. Any work that is performed online will be saved. Additionally, Roehl, Reddy & Shannon (2013) highlighted the importance of flipping a classroom and asserted that “…students become more aware of their own learning process” compared to that of the students in a traditional classroom (p. 47). Second, flipping a classroom provides an avenue for our students to record lectures performed by the instructor, create videos with voiceover and screen-capture, and ultimately gives the students the freedom to tackle with the content according to their own personalized learning style (Roehl et. al., 2013; Flipped Learning Network, 2014). In a flipped classroom, students are in charge of understanding the breadth and depth of the content. Also, students, in a flipped classroom, are engaging in meaningful activities without the supervision of their teacher - teachers are only facilitating and students are teaching the content to themselves or to their peers. To bolster this argument, teachers should just give feedback to their students so that they are continually challenged to creating the best versions of themselves in the classroom. Third, flipping a classroom increases student mastery on assignments and projects in a four-walled classroom. Gunyou (2015) argued that graded assignment scores were “significantly higher” when a classroom has access to technology (p. 20). As an educator, I am a huge witness of this improvement in the classroom. When students are shown unconventional ways of teaching and learning, students become more enticed and ultimately become deeply engaged to the subject presented in the classroom. Explaining concepts in a multitude of ways will give the students a better understanding of the content. Finally, I strongly believe in the power of a flipped classroom. I admit that transitioning to something different will be difficult in the beginning, but in the end what matters most to me, as an educator, is that if a flipped classroom yield positive growth in my students then I will take the risk to start creating waves of change in my approach in teaching. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ References Gunyou, J. (2015). I flipped my classroom: One teacher's quest to remain relevant. Journal of Public Affairs Education, 13-24. Flipped Learning Network. (2014). What is flipped learning? The four pillars of F-L-I-P.Retrieved from http://flippedlearning.org/wp content/uploads/2016/07/FLIPhandoutFNL_Web.pdf Roehl, A., Reddy, S. L., & Shannon, G. J. (2013). The flipped classroom: An opportunity to engage millennial students through active learning. Journal of Family and Consumer Sciences, 105(2), 44. Side: Flipped Learning Pros
7 years ago the high school student I was nannying for began telling me about her math class. Her high school had starting using Khan Academy. At the time, I was finishing my last semester of college and had already known I was going to begin my teaching career the following year. 7 years ago, I thought that this "flipped" classroom was ridiculous and took the art of teaching away from the classroom. Today, my feelings and thoughts are very different.
Today, I think that the flipped classroom is a very creative and innovative way to differentiate learning for struggling students and provide more 1:1 coaching for students. When watching the videos on the flipped classroom, it made me think about a technology tool I use in my own classroom. I am a kindergarten teacher and the majority of the students are English Language Learners. Many of my students' parents have expressed that homework is difficult because the parents are not sure of how to pronounce the letter sounds of the names of the sight words. This got me thinking, so I created a YouTube Channel where I could record videos that students could use to practice work during homework time at home: https://www.youtube.com/channel/
I have 75 subscribers and even have other teachers from around the country who have reached out to me and said that they found me on the suggested page and now share these videos in their classroom. How cool is the Internet?!
These videos have helped me a lot during instructional time. Prior to these videos, I was constantly spending minutes reviewing sounds, sight words, and other phonics routines with my class whole group. Now, it is easier for me to differentiate phonics. For example, as the year progresses, we no longer need to focus on letter sounds, but for my group of students who still need that support, they can practice these routines with my videos both at home and during Independent Work Time while the rest of the class is working on their targeted sounds and sight words.
I think the flipped classroom is an awesome tool. I'm not quite sure of how convinced I am of how this may become the new future, however, I do see how this allows a teacher to spend more direct 1:1 time addressing individual student needs. I still do think that teaching is an art and that the beauty of teaching and learning comes through the rich discussions during instruction. But, I do see the value in a Flipped Classroom Model as a tool to differentiate, but not the end all be all. A big challenge I think is important to name is that a flipped classroom requires students to have access to technology. If students do not have access to internet at home, this model is not possible. Access to technology is a current problem in my classroom and as a teacher I am constantly trying to brainstorm ways to get old iPhones or iPods to donate to students/families. Grants are another option to look into for getting technology for classrooms. PBS NewsHour. (2013, Dec 11). What a 'flipped classroom' looks like [Youtube video]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Gp63W2F_4 Side: Flipped Learning Pros
Flipper learning is a great teaching method to use for classes that are application oriented. For example, my college physics class utilized a flipped classroom. The students were responsible for watching a video that discussed the basic conceptual understandings of a certain topic and then to take a pre-class quiz before class time. The instructor would then spend 10~15 minutes going over the topics and the students would then use the rest of the class time to solve problems by discussing with peers, do lab work and take a short quiz at the end of the class. The pre-class quiz was a tool to make sure that students were held responsible for preparing for the class but it also helped the instructor be aware of what students did not understand in the pre-class video. Then, in the first 10~15 minutes, the instructor would go over the pre-quiz and point out questions that majority of students got incorrect. This was a great way to measure pre-existing knowledge and level of understanding before class even started. Teachers who have access to Google Classroom can definitely implement this method; it is easy to create a quiz using Google forms or Quizlet to gather data before class starts. I also believe that all too often in a class like math or physics, students do not learn problem solving if the problem-solving is done for them. What I mean to say is in teaching methods like direct instruction, the students learn from the teacher but they rarely are forced to generate their own thoughts. In a flipped classroom, if implemented well, the students would have to discuss with their peers to try to solve the problem because the teacher will not solve it for them. I think it is a great way for students to be active participants in their learning. Side: Flipped Learning Pros
I am for flipped learning because there is an intentional “shift in focus from the teacher to the learner” (Knewton). I like the idea of having “school work at home and homework at school” (Flipped Learning Network, 2014), it allows the students to do the learning on their own time and come into class with questions while approaching the more difficult problems at school. I also like how when students are able to learn the material at home, they can go at their desired pace. In the classroom, students have the teachers to help guide them with problems they are still struggling with. I like the idea better of having students do he learning at home than having students do the homework . The downside to a flipped classroom, is ensuring that students are accountable and complete the lesson at home. “Many students don’t have access to technology at home” ( Nielson blog), this is something that would be a challenge for many students who are just unable to get access to technology and/or internet. I could provide time after school for those students to work on the assigned homework, similar to tutoring but students will be learning the next days lesson. This flipped classroom method may not work well for everyone but it can be something that educators try to see if it works best for themselves and their students. Flipped Learning Network. (2014). What is flipped learning? The four pillars of F-L-I-P. Retrieved from http://flippedlearning.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/FLIPhandoutFNL_Web.pdf Knewton. Flipped Learning. The Flipped Learning Toolkit Retrieved from https://ddelefltoolkit.wordpress.com Nieman, Lisa. (2011).Blog Posts- Five reasons I’m not flipping over the flipped classroom. Retrieved from https:// Side: Flipped Learning Pros
Although I agree with some of your points, I think that it is important to focus on the downside and the accountability aspect. What if students are not able to complete the lesson at home or what if they decide not to complete the lesson at home? That throws off what happens in the classroom the next day. I also think that it defeats the purpose of what flipped learning is intended to do. How would you build that accountability piece for students? If students know that they will just receive the lesson the next day, then they will become dependent on that. Also, when will time be built in for students to show that they have fully grasped a concept if they are spending time learning a concept that they should have already learned. All students are not going to master all concepts, but at some point, all students will have to be on the same pace in regards to the concept that they are learning. What if students cannot stay after school to work on the lessons because they have to work or watch a sibling? I am asking because these are current issues that I am dealing with in my classroom. I am able to provide alternatives for students some tech based and some not, so I am wondering how you would handle that. Side: Flipped Learning Cons
Although I see too many challenges to support a flipped classroom model where students watch the direct instruction piece at home, I think that there are still flipped models that could work. I envision a classroom where there are differintiated videos for students to watch while they are working independently in the classroom. There are parts of lessons where the student does not need to hear the instruction from a teacher standing in front of them because a video could do the same job. For example, if a teacher knows that some students need to see another example of a certain skill in action, then the teacher could make a video and allow students to watch that video. Then, once those pieces have been taken care of, the teacher could work with small groups of students to extend their learning or engage in more meaningful discussions about the content. Or, teachers could conference with students about their writing assignments, instead of spending the time modeling another example. I know that the other day I modeled how to introduce and explain a quote to four different groups of students, and I could have spent my time working with students in a more meaningful way, if I had made a video of that skill. Side: Flipped Learning Pros
Flipping a classroom gives students the opportunity to personalize their own learning. As the teacher becomes an observer in the class, they are able to see the strengths and weaknesses of all students. With this observation, teachers can then scaffold the content so all students are able to more effectively learn through a variety of activities and instructional techniques. Side: Flipped Learning Pros
Oh! Lordy! It's time to come down to Earth and the reality of education in the public schools. What you have just written is pie-in-the-sky and really not intelligible as far as scaffolding goes. I see this issue becoming a reason for the American Federation of Teachers to stop in its tracks. Time to pull the plug on the computer. Side: Flipped Learning Cons
Hello Jali, I think it's great that you have a very optimistic perspective regarding a flipped classroom but I don't agree with your post. Especially in most k-12 classrooms that idea of students "personalizing" their own learning isn't realistic. There are many standardize test and requirements by educators that have to be met for them to even at times keep their jobs. The reality of a flipped classroom is that it only will work on few and/or very unique classrooms based on evaluation of the learners. It's so many factors that play a part to determine that a flipped classroom will help learners learn more effectively. Side: Flipped Learning Pros
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In my classroom and with my students I would say that a flipped classroom would not be an effective tool to use. My argument is simple and revolves around three factors. 1. All students do not have internet access at home, i.e. how and when could they complete the work. 2. Many of my students have outside obligations, i.e. job and family. 3. I could not depend on the majority of my students to do work at home, i.e. they would not be prepared for the "in" class portion Side: Flipped Learning Cons
Just because a flipped classroom is called a flipped classroom doesn't mean that there can't be some review for the beginning portion of class time. This means that the issue of students not being prepared can be resolved by 5~10 minutes in the beginning of class. The rest they can pick up from their peers who have done the work through group work, discussions or class collaboration. Most of the flipped classroom materials are not very long (the well-done materials are usually somewhere between 5~7minutes). This means they can watch the video while they take the bus to work, during their lunch time at school, or a quick 10 minutes after school on a school computer if they do not have access to devices. If a student goes into class with some notion of what is going to be covered in class that day, I think that is a plus for their learning. Side: Flipped Learning Pros
Hi Gina! I think number 2 and 3 are just excuses that your students might have shared with you. I know that is hard to balance life when you are also a student but if they are really interested in learning they would need to make the time to work at home. (Just as you are making them time to complete the work for this class.) This lead me to the third point; students should expect to spare some time at home to do their homework. Completing the flipped activities would not required too much time since most of the videos are very short. -Claudia Paganelli Side: Flipped Learning Pros
Flipping a classroom doesn't only pertain to outside of the classroom. There are a ton of ways one can flip their classroom in their actual classroom! A flipped classroom isn't the only way one can go about running a class - it can be an activity or specific chunk of time dedicated to a flipped classroom model. Side: Flipped Learning Pros
I absolute agree that a flipped classroom wouldn't be an effective tool to use in most k-12 classrooms. (1) In most low income households students don't have the ability to afford the needed resources to participate within a flipped classroom. (2) Also educators are required to do so much upfront work that most semesters and/or year long material will not change for the class the next year. This will allow for sharing of homework, assignments, test, etc from students in the previous class. I've seen this many time during collegiate courses while I was an undergrad taking online courses. (3) Teachers role in students lives are to motivate and leave an everlasting impact on their learners. I honestly can't remember what the most impactful teachers within my life (3rd grade English and 9th grade business education) taught me in those courses. However these teachers in person interactions with me made me want to learn and be who I am today! Side: Flipped Learning Cons
1. Although flipped learning puts more of the responsibility for learning on the shoulders of students or allows students to take ownership of learning, unfortunately not all students can fulfill the independent learning due to their self-control or self-regulating ability. students who are not self-disciplined or who are struggling with the content of learning might be diverted on line while studying at home and give up as a result. They may fall rapidly behind their peers. 2. Not all families can afford electronic devices for kids to study at home. This model of instruction may put financial pressure on some families. 3. Flipped learning/classroom poses more challenges for teachers. Teachers who have already sacrificed their leisure time to prepare their lesson, may have to invest huge amount of time and efforts navigating computer technology or online tools to create high-quality online lectures, slides, videos. They may also spend even more time designing and delivering in-depth projects to engage students in activities in classroom. Side: Flipped Learning Cons
I'd argue that the vast majority of students can take responsibility for learning, and it is learning to self-regulate that is vastly more important than any lecture we, as teachers, can deliver. Flipped learning offers students the chance to build their self-control muscles, to exercise their executive functioning skills, and learn to navigate the media-rich, distraction-heavy world that they live in. I'd also like to push back on your belief about the work of teachers. If we aren't spending our time designing and delivering engaging, in-depth experiences and projects for students, how should we spend our time? Certainly not lecturing! I do agree that there are some barriers that might impede the implementation of flipped learning. As you said, not all students will have the same experience in a flipped classroom, just as they don't have the same experience in a normal classroom. Accommodations for students with special needs in a flipped learning setting is definitely something I'd like to know a little more about. It is also true that not all students have access to tech at home, although this is an impediment that I think is somewhat more easily remedied. Thanks for your thinking! Side: Flipped Learning Pros
I believe that students should begin t take responsibility and accountability for their work to prepare them for the real world. Part of life, college and other aspects require us to be independent. When will be the appropriate time to learn self control, self regularity and independence? I also believe that there are things that can be done to support learners who struggle with independent learning. I come from a school where students are assumed not to be able to afford electronic devices. I also have seen a numerous amount of support from partnerships, community and more, where students were able to get support to have these electronic devices. It may require more work but I have seen it done. For teachers starting off the flip classroom, they can use some resources such as khan academy and youtube in order to get a hang of the technology and resources out there in order to a good flow of the flip classroom. Side: Flipped Learning Pros
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Hi Wanlin, I understand where you are coming from with your argument but I would have to disagree with you on claim #2. I am fully aware that not all people have access to laptops and other resources but the school library and the public library is open to people. They do not necessarily have to buy a laptop or computer at home; instead, they can go to a library and do the work there. Next, I am also aware that "flipping a classroom" takes an ample time to create but there are already pre-made videos available online. Why reinvent the wheel if the resources are already available for students? For example, khan academy. Lectures are already pre-made. Why invest more time creating what was already created? There are many tools out there that can easily improve a lesson. Thank you for a very persuasive argument. Dwayne M. Side: Flipped Learning Pros
Luckin I was actually going to support Flipped learning until you made this comment. It seems as if the schools are basically attempting to execute on line learning and homeschooling while selling you idea that you are attending school. When I first started college my in school math class was completely in front of a computer and the first thing I asked myself was why am I here, when I can do this at home. However, I will say the basic definition of a flipped classroom is a great idea because the students can get all of the lectures and instruction at home and when showing up to school can use that time as if you would use a private tutor for extra help. My math example being that I would probably spend all of my in school hours in the tutoring hall. I am a 100% on line student and I am pro online and I feel as though the only reason I should attend classes physically is to obtain something that I can not obtain online or for amenities that I don't have at home such as advanced technology; the library;gym; tutoring; etc. Side: Flipped Learning Cons
I see the perks of a flipped classroom and appreciate how its approach has altered based on feedback from teachers (ex: Instead of teaching the whole group lesson at home on a device, it can be done as a center in the classroom). With this said, I do not see flipped learning taking off successfully at this time. Currently, at our schools (at least for me), teachers are overwhelmed with trying to integrate the new tools encouraged by the administration, staff members, etc. With very little training on even these, trying to change instruction to flipped learning may through some teachers in a loop. Teachers are already taking time to adapt and change their past lessons to align more so with the new technologies and tools surfacing into their classroom. Having to create or take additional time to find video tutorials for students to access at home, could cause veteran teachers to retire and first-year teachers to change their professions! I do see flipped learning in our future, but I think the most important aspect of technology integration is making sure all teachers have a clear understanding of the purpose of technology--it is tool for faciliation, not the instruction. Side: Flipped Learning Cons
Contributors have noted the reasons why I would not support so-called flipped learning. Replacing a teacher with a video is unlikely to work for: unmotivated students, students who do not have access to video technology, students who do not have much time after school due to extracurricular activities, students who need immediate feedback from an instructor, teachers who would not have the time and talent to produce videos, and teachers who would not be able to assess how each student acquired knowledge from videos. For me it is a thumbs down. Side: Flipped Learning Cons
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Aloha Eloy, I beg to disagree with your claim that flipped learning is replacing a teacher with a video... The mere purpose of recording a teacher while explaining a content is an important tool for a flipped classroom. This is beneficial because if a student is absent, he/she can go back online and watch the instruction over and over again. Also, if students did not understand a specific concept, they can refer to it as they explain it to the teacher. I know that we are somehow divided here but I would have to fight for a flipped classroom. I know very well that this can be time-consuming but as a 21st-century teacher, he/she must be receptive to the many advancements happening in our world today. Ultimately, I strongly believe in the power of flipped learning. Click the link below to extend my reasoning. Thank you for a persuasive argument. Sincerely, Dwayne M. Yes to Flipped Leaning
Side: Flipped Learning Pros
I'm sorry but as an educator by academic preparation and decades of classroom teaching, it looks to me like proponents getting onto the smart phone, tablet, laptop bandwagon and forgetting about textbooks. I was afraid of this development, given the ubiquitous texting and digital stuff that children are on every waking moment. Please! Give the kids a break and a book with a classroom teacher to guide their study. For once! Turn off those blasted toys. Side: Flipped Learning Pros
I completely understand the concept and development of Flipped Learning. I think if implemented with certain students who have certain resources then it works, but when thinking about flipping my current classroom with my current students it makes me a little nervous. Like many of my peers mentioned, all of my students do not have the resources, i.e. the internet, phone, laptop, in order to learn at home. Although, flipped learning is not only about homework being done, working outside of the classroom is a major part of flipped learning and my students do not work outside of my classroom. Just like Nielsen states, "flipped homework is still homework" (2011). If I want students to do an online activity outside of the classroom, I usually allow them to start in class and provide with multiple days to finish the assignment. With flipped learning however, if students only have a day or two prep then they may be a lot of “reteaching” the next day. The 9th grade students that I have this year, and the ones that I had last year were a part of a math program in middle school that was implemented to personalize learning. Being that it was personalized, a lot of students' instruction came from a video. Students had a hard time with this because they did not know how to take notes or apply the skills they learned in the videos they watched. Students have to be taught how to be effective learners of flip, but it is hard when you have a large amount of students and varying levels of resources. My school recently went one-to-one and I am already beginning to struggle because some students do not have a device. On top of me already differentiating, I will have to do so again to ensure all students are able to access the required materials. I do think that it is possible to incorporate flipped learning into the classroom, but on an everyday basis is too myth. "A flipped class implementation does not have to be "all of nothing" (Hennessy, 2012) in order for it to be effective. L Nielsen (2011, October 8). Five reasons I’m not flipping over the flipped classroom. Retrieved from https://theinnovativeeducator.blogspot.com/2011/10/five-reasons-im-not-flipping-over.html M Hennessy (2012, August 10). New study on the flipped classroom by Concordia Portland’s Dr. Jeremy Renner shows mixed results. Retrieved from https://education.cu-portland.edu/blog/ Side: Flipped Learning Cons
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