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Debate Info

46
30
Chihuahua harp seal
Debate Score:76
Arguments:31
Total Votes:76
More Stats

Argument Ratio

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 Chihuahua (1)
 
 harp seal (30)

Debate Creator

deklin(9) pic



Chihuahua vs harp seal

who is better one or the other 
i like the Chihuahua

Chihuahua

Side Score: 46
VS.

harp seal

Side Score: 30
deklin(9) Banned
1 point

thay are so cool and cute i love them to my grave ddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddoooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooonnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnneeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee

Side: Chihuahua
deklin(9) Banned
1 point

harp seals are so cuter then chihuahua dddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddoooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooonnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnneeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee

Side: harp seal
deklin(9) Banned
1 point

harp seals are so cute and loving they do no harm and they smile a lotand chihUAHUAS HAVE GIANT EARS DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOONNNNNNNNNNNNNNEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE

Side: harp seal
deklin(9) Banned
1 point

chihuahua are HIDEOS THEY ARE SOSKINNY AND ARE SHN'ODKJBGV

Side: harp seal
1 point

chihuahuas are so hideos the are so skinny and slow ddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddokoooooooooooooooooooooonnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnneeeeeeeeeeeeee

Side: harp seal
1 point

harp seals are better harp seals are better dddddddddddooooooooonnnnnnnnnnneeeeeeeeeee

Side: harp seal
1 point

dddddddddddooooooooolnnnnnnnnnnneeeeeeeeeeeeeeddddddddddddddooooooooonnnnnnnnnnnnneeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee

Side: harp seal
1 point

ddddddddddhughjhggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggghhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh

Side: harp seal
1 point

jfhguhdfyyhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhyyhfffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffhj

Side: harp seal
1 point

dghfyetavluytrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrtttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttt

Side: harp seal
1 point

harp sbgdf ggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg

Side: harp seal
1 point

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

Side: harp seal
1 point

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

Side: harp seal
1 point

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

\

Side: harp seal
1 point

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

Side: harp seal
1 point

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

Side: harp seal
1 point

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

Side: harp seal
1 point

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

Side: harp seal
1 point

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

Side: harp seal
1 point

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

Side: harp seal
1 point

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

Side: harp seal
1 point

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

Side: harp seal
1 point

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

Side: harp seal
1 point

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

Side: harp seal
1 point

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

Side: harp seal
1 point

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

Side: harp seal
1 point

First European sealers

It was perhaps bad luck for seals that in 1773 Captain James Cook spent time in Dusky Sound, where numbers of fur seals still survived. Cook’s men shot or clubbed the seals for food, and used their skins for repairing rigging, and their oil for lamps. Their potential as a trading item was especially noted in Sydney where the new convict settlement were seeking ways of paying for imports. A London firm who were active in transporting convicts to Sydney arranged for the Britannia to drop a sealing gang in Dusky Sound in November 1792. They were to obtain skins for the Chinese market as payment for tea. When the men were picked up in September 1793 they had collected 4,500 skins.

Seal rushes

After 1803 traders looked to England, where seal fur was in demand for hats, and the leather for shoes. In addition seal oil, especially from elephant seals, burned without smoke or smell and was needed for lighting. Sealers tried to keep their sealing locations secret from competitors. It appears that there was a rush to Dusky Sound and the West Coast in 1803, mainly for skins. Two years later American sealers initiated a surge to the Antipodes Islands, and to a lesser extent the Bounty and Auckland islands. In three years, 140,000 seals were killed in the Antipodes Islands. By 1808 sealers were back, working around Foveaux Strait and Stewart Island. Two years later there was a rush to Macquarie and Campbell islands, largely for elephant-seal oil rather than skins.

Decline

In the early 1820s, sealers were now more shore-based, and numbers of Māori became involved. Increasingly sealers supplemented their incomes with trade in potatoes, flax and timber, and by the 1830s most had become traders or even whalers. Sealing survived only as an off-season hobby of shore-based whalers. As seal numbers dwindled, hunting was confined to the winter by a law of 1875. The last sealing came in 1946 when an open season was declared in Otago and Southland from fear that seals were harming the fisheries. The 6,187 seals killed from June to September in that year were the last legally killed in New Zealand.

The sealers

Who were the sealers?

Most of the sealing in New Zealand was organised by Sydney companies, nearly all founded by ex-convicts. A few American captains and ships were used too. The men were a tough breed of ‘sea-rats’, some former sailors, others ex-convicts Some joined gangs after stowing away on ships from Sydney.

The slaughter

There were two main killing seasons – between October and November when the cows joined the bulls and pupped soon after, and from April when the young pups were slaughtered..They would swing their clubs (usually made of rātā wood) to left and right until all were slaughtered. Then they would skin the seals, place the skins out to dry and salt them for packing. Hunting was not quite as easy as it might seem. It was often done at night, over dangerous rocks or reefs. Many a hunter slipped and drowned. To prevent slipping on wet rock, the sealers would wear flax sandals known by the Māori name pāraerae.

The legacy

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology. A number of sealing gangs were attacked by Māori after 1810, but in general the contact was harmonious. Some sealers like James Caddell joined the Māori community, while others began trading from coastal settlements. Sealers were the first of the trans-Tasman communities of hard working men that played a significant role in establishing a footloose tradition in New Zealand, subsequently carried on by groups like whalers, gold miners and bushmen.

Work through the following activities.

Define the following words using a dictionary:

Convict

A convict is a criminal

Inititiate

initiate is to start a fight

Supplement

Means to add on

Stow away

A criminal who has traveled to avoid punishment for crime in a country

Slaughter

Means to kill

Harmonious

It means to be in peace

2. Summarise each section of the reading in no more than three sentences.

First European sealers

In 1773 captain James Cook spent time in Dusky sound where numbers of fur seals still survived. His men clubbed and shot them until they were killed, then they used the skins to repair the rigging and used their oil for light. Soon after people from London sent a sealing gang to Dusky sound in November 1792 , and When the men were picked up in September 1793 they had collected 4,500 skins.

Seal rushes:

After 1803 traders looked to England, where seal fur was being used for making hats, and the leather for shoes. Then they started to collect Elephant seal oil instead of fur seal oil for lighting for the fact that it stops the lighting from smelling and smoking.Sealers tried to keep their sealing locations secret from competitors although It appears that there was a rush to Dusky Sound and the West Coast in 1803.

Decline:

Most of the sealing in New Zealand was organised by Sydney companies, nearly all founded by ex-convicts. A few American captains and ships were used too. The men were a tough breed of ‘sea-rats’, some former sailors, others ex-convicts. Some joined gangs after stowing away on ships from Sydney.

In the early 1820s, sealers were more shore-based, and numbers of Māori became involved. Increasingly sealers added to their incomes with trade in potatoes, flax and timber, and by the 1830s most had become traders or even whalers. Sealing survived only as an off-season hobby of shore-based whalers.

Who were the sealers?

Most of the sealing in New Zealand was organised by Sydney companies, nearly all founded by ex-convicts. A few American captains and ships were used too. The men were a tough breed of sea-rats’, some sailors, others ex-convicts Some joined gangs after stowing away on ships from Sydney.

The Slaughter:

There were two main sealing seasons – between October and November when the cows joined the bulls and pups came soon after, and from April when the young pups were then killed.They would swing their clubs (usually made of rātā wood) to left and right until all were killed Then they would skin the seals, place the skins out to dry and salt them for packing. Hunting was not quite as easy as it might seem It was often done at night, over dangerous rocks or reefs. A hunter slipped and drowned. To prevent slipping on wet rock, the sealers would wear flax sandals known by the Māori name pāraerae.

The Legacy:

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

3. Using a map of Aotearoa/New Zealand mark the locations where sealers were

based. Use your map for activity 4.

4. Using the information from your article and your answers to these questions, design a poster or slide, with a buddy, and present your learning about sealers to the class.

Side: harp seal
1 point

First European sealers

It was perhaps bad luck for seals that in 1773 Captain James Cook spent time in Dusky Sound, where numbers of fur seals still survived. Cook’s men shot or clubbed the seals for food, and used their skins for repairing rigging, and their oil for lamps. Their potential as a trading item was especially noted in Sydney where the new convict settlement were seeking ways of paying for imports. A London firm who were active in transporting convicts to Sydney arranged for the Britannia to drop a sealing gang in Dusky Sound in November 1792. They were to obtain skins for the Chinese market as payment for tea. When the men were picked up in September 1793 they had collected 4,500 skins.

Seal rushes

After 1803 traders looked to England, where seal fur was in demand for hats, and the leather for shoes. In addition seal oil, especially from elephant seals, burned without smoke or smell and was needed for lighting. Sealers tried to keep their sealing locations secret from competitors. It appears that there was a rush to Dusky Sound and the West Coast in 1803, mainly for skins. Two years later American sealers initiated a surge to the Antipodes Islands, and to a lesser extent the Bounty and Auckland islands. In three years, 140,000 seals were killed in the Antipodes Islands. By 1808 sealers were back, working around Foveaux Strait and Stewart Island. Two years later there was a rush to Macquarie and Campbell islands, largely for elephant-seal oil rather than skins.

Decline

In the early 1820s, sealers were now more shore-based, and numbers of Māori became involved. Increasingly sealers supplemented their incomes with trade in potatoes, flax and timber, and by the 1830s most had become traders or even whalers. Sealing survived only as an off-season hobby of shore-based whalers. As seal numbers dwindled, hunting was confined to the winter by a law of 1875. The last sealing came in 1946 when an open season was declared in Otago and Southland from fear that seals were harming the fisheries. The 6,187 seals killed from June to September in that year were the last legally killed in New Zealand.

The sealers

Who were the sealers?

Most of the sealing in New Zealand was organised by Sydney companies, nearly all founded by ex-convicts. A few American captains and ships were used too. The men were a tough breed of ‘sea-rats’, some former sailors, others ex-convicts Some joined gangs after stowing away on ships from Sydney.

The slaughter

There were two main killing seasons – between October and November when the cows joined the bulls and pupped soon after, and from April when the young pups were slaughtered..They would swing their clubs (usually made of rātā wood) to left and right until all were slaughtered. Then they would skin the seals, place the skins out to dry and salt them for packing. Hunting was not quite as easy as it might seem. It was often done at night, over dangerous rocks or reefs. Many a hunter slipped and drowned. To prevent slipping on wet rock, the sealers would wear flax sandals known by the Māori name pāraerae.

The legacy

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology. A number of sealing gangs were attacked by Māori after 1810, but in general the contact was harmonious. Some sealers like James Caddell joined the Māori community, while others began trading from coastal settlements. Sealers were the first of the trans-Tasman communities of hard working men that played a significant role in establishing a footloose tradition in New Zealand, subsequently carried on by groups like whalers, gold miners and bushmen.

Work through the following activities.

Define the following words using a dictionary:

Convict

A convict is a criminal

Inititiate

initiate is to start a fight

Supplement

Means to add on

Stow away

A criminal who has traveled to avoid punishment for crime in a country

Slaughter

Means to kill

Harmonious

It means to be in peace

2. Summarise each section of the reading in no more than three sentences.

First European sealers

In 1773 captain James Cook spent time in Dusky sound where numbers of fur seals still survived. His men clubbed and shot them until they were killed, then they used the skins to repair the rigging and used their oil for light. Soon after people from London sent a sealing gang to Dusky sound in November 1792 , and When the men were picked up in September 1793 they had collected 4,500 skins.

Seal rushes:

After 1803 traders looked to England, where seal fur was being used for making hats, and the leather for shoes. Then they started to collect Elephant seal oil instead of fur seal oil for lighting for the fact that it stops the lighting from smelling and smoking.Sealers tried to keep their sealing locations secret from competitors although It appears that there was a rush to Dusky Sound and the West Coast in 1803.

Decline:

Most of the sealing in New Zealand was organised by Sydney companies, nearly all founded by ex-convicts. A few American captains and ships were used too. The men were a tough breed of ‘sea-rats’, some former sailors, others ex-convicts. Some joined gangs after stowing away on ships from Sydney.

In the early 1820s, sealers were more shore-based, and numbers of Māori became involved. Increasingly sealers added to their incomes with trade in potatoes, flax and timber, and by the 1830s most had become traders or even whalers. Sealing survived only as an off-season hobby of shore-based whalers.

Who were the sealers?

Most of the sealing in New Zealand was organised by Sydney companies, nearly all founded by ex-convicts. A few American captains and ships were used too. The men were a tough breed of sea-rats’, some sailors, others ex-convicts Some joined gangs after stowing away on ships from Sydney.

The Slaughter:

There were two main sealing seasons – between October and November when the cows joined the bulls and pups came soon after, and from April when the young pups were then killed.They would swing their clubs (usually made of rātā wood) to left and right until all were killed Then they would skin the seals, place the skins out to dry and salt them for packing. Hunting was not quite as easy as it might seem It was often done at night, over dangerous rocks or reefs. A hunter slipped and drowned. To prevent slipping on wet rock, the sealers would wear flax sandals known by the Māori name pāraerae.

The Legacy:

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

3. Using a map of Aotearoa/New Zealand mark the locations where sealers were

based. Use your map for activity 4.

4. Using the information from your article and your answers to these questions, design a poster or slide, with a buddy, and present your learning about sealers to the class.

Side: harp seal
1 point

First European sealers

It was perhaps bad luck for seals that in 1773 Captain James Cook spent time in Dusky Sound, where numbers of fur seals still survived. Cook’s men shot or clubbed the seals for food, and used their skins for repairing rigging, and their oil for lamps. Their potential as a trading item was especially noted in Sydney where the new convict settlement were seeking ways of paying for imports. A London firm who were active in transporting convicts to Sydney arranged for the Britannia to drop a sealing gang in Dusky Sound in November 1792. They were to obtain skins for the Chinese market as payment for tea. When the men were picked up in September 1793 they had collected 4,500 skins.

Seal rushes

After 1803 traders looked to England, where seal fur was in demand for hats, and the leather for shoes. In addition seal oil, especially from elephant seals, burned without smoke or smell and was needed for lighting. Sealers tried to keep their sealing locations secret from competitors. It appears that there was a rush to Dusky Sound and the West Coast in 1803, mainly for skins. Two years later American sealers initiated a surge to the Antipodes Islands, and to a lesser extent the Bounty and Auckland islands. In three years, 140,000 seals were killed in the Antipodes Islands. By 1808 sealers were back, working around Foveaux Strait and Stewart Island. Two years later there was a rush to Macquarie and Campbell islands, largely for elephant-seal oil rather than skins.

Decline

In the early 1820s, sealers were now more shore-based, and numbers of Māori became involved. Increasingly sealers supplemented their incomes with trade in potatoes, flax and timber, and by the 1830s most had become traders or even whalers. Sealing survived only as an off-season hobby of shore-based whalers. As seal numbers dwindled, hunting was confined to the winter by a law of 1875. The last sealing came in 1946 when an open season was declared in Otago and Southland from fear that seals were harming the fisheries. The 6,187 seals killed from June to September in that year were the last legally killed in New Zealand.

The sealers

Who were the sealers?

Most of the sealing in New Zealand was organised by Sydney companies, nearly all founded by ex-convicts. A few American captains and ships were used too. The men were a tough breed of ‘sea-rats’, some former sailors, others ex-convicts Some joined gangs after stowing away on ships from Sydney.

The slaughter

There were two main killing seasons – between October and November when the cows joined the bulls and pupped soon after, and from April when the young pups were slaughtered..They would swing their clubs (usually made of rātā wood) to left and right until all were slaughtered. Then they would skin the seals, place the skins out to dry and salt them for packing. Hunting was not quite as easy as it might seem. It was often done at night, over dangerous rocks or reefs. Many a hunter slipped and drowned. To prevent slipping on wet rock, the sealers would wear flax sandals known by the Māori name pāraerae.

The legacy

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology. A number of sealing gangs were attacked by Māori after 1810, but in general the contact was harmonious. Some sealers like James Caddell joined the Māori community, while others began trading from coastal settlements. Sealers were the first of the trans-Tasman communities of hard working men that played a significant role in establishing a footloose tradition in New Zealand, subsequently carried on by groups like whalers, gold miners and bushmen.

Work through the following activities.

Define the following words using a dictionary:

Convict

A convict is a criminal

Inititiate

initiate is to start a fight

Supplement

Means to add on

Stow away

A criminal who has traveled to avoid punishment for crime in a country

Slaughter

Means to kill

Harmonious

It means to be in peace

2. Summarise each section of the reading in no more than three sentences.

First European sealers

In 1773 captain James Cook spent time in Dusky sound where numbers of fur seals still survived. His men clubbed and shot them until they were killed, then they used the skins to repair the rigging and used their oil for light. Soon after people from London sent a sealing gang to Dusky sound in November 1792 , and When the men were picked up in September 1793 they had collected 4,500 skins.

Seal rushes:

After 1803 traders looked to England, where seal fur was being used for making hats, and the leather for shoes. Then they started to collect Elephant seal oil instead of fur seal oil for lighting for the fact that it stops the lighting from smelling and smoking.Sealers tried to keep their sealing locations secret from competitors although It appears that there was a rush to Dusky Sound and the West Coast in 1803.

Decline:

Most of the sealing in New Zealand was organised by Sydney companies, nearly all founded by ex-convicts. A few American captains and ships were used too. The men were a tough breed of ‘sea-rats’, some former sailors, others ex-convicts. Some joined gangs after stowing away on ships from Sydney.

In the early 1820s, sealers were more shore-based, and numbers of Māori became involved. Increasingly sealers added to their incomes with trade in potatoes, flax and timber, and by the 1830s most had become traders or even whalers. Sealing survived only as an off-season hobby of shore-based whalers.

Who were the sealers?

Most of the sealing in New Zealand was organised by Sydney companies, nearly all founded by ex-convicts. A few American captains and ships were used too. The men were a tough breed of sea-rats’, some sailors, others ex-convicts Some joined gangs after stowing away on ships from Sydney.

The Slaughter:

There were two main sealing seasons – between October and November when the cows joined the bulls and pups came soon after, and from April when the young pups were then killed.They would swing their clubs (usually made of rātā wood) to left and right until all were killed Then they would skin the seals, place the skins out to dry and salt them for packing. Hunting was not quite as easy as it might seem It was often done at night, over dangerous rocks or reefs. A hunter slipped and drowned. To prevent slipping on wet rock, the sealers would wear flax sandals known by the Māori name pāraerae.

The Legacy:

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

3. Using a map of Aotearoa/New Zealand mark the locations where sealers were

based. Use your map for activity 4.

4. Using the information from your article and your answers to these questions, design a poster or slide, with a buddy, and present your learning about sealers to the class.

Side: harp seal
1 point

First European sealers

It was perhaps bad luck for seals that in 1773 Captain James Cook spent time in Dusky Sound, where numbers of fur seals still survived. Cook’s men shot or clubbed the seals for food, and used their skins for repairing rigging, and their oil for lamps. Their potential as a trading item was especially noted in Sydney where the new convict settlement were seeking ways of paying for imports. A London firm who were active in transporting convicts to Sydney arranged for the Britannia to drop a sealing gang in Dusky Sound in November 1792. They were to obtain skins for the Chinese market as payment for tea. When the men were picked up in September 1793 they had collected 4,500 skins.

Seal rushes

After 1803 traders looked to England, where seal fur was in demand for hats, and the leather for shoes. In addition seal oil, especially from elephant seals, burned without smoke or smell and was needed for lighting. Sealers tried to keep their sealing locations secret from competitors. It appears that there was a rush to Dusky Sound and the West Coast in 1803, mainly for skins. Two years later American sealers initiated a surge to the Antipodes Islands, and to a lesser extent the Bounty and Auckland islands. In three years, 140,000 seals were killed in the Antipodes Islands. By 1808 sealers were back, working around Foveaux Strait and Stewart Island. Two years later there was a rush to Macquarie and Campbell islands, largely for elephant-seal oil rather than skins.

Decline

In the early 1820s, sealers were now more shore-based, and numbers of Māori became involved. Increasingly sealers supplemented their incomes with trade in potatoes, flax and timber, and by the 1830s most had become traders or even whalers. Sealing survived only as an off-season hobby of shore-based whalers. As seal numbers dwindled, hunting was confined to the winter by a law of 1875. The last sealing came in 1946 when an open season was declared in Otago and Southland from fear that seals were harming the fisheries. The 6,187 seals killed from June to September in that year were the last legally killed in New Zealand.

The sealers

Who were the sealers?

Most of the sealing in New Zealand was organised by Sydney companies, nearly all founded by ex-convicts. A few American captains and ships were used too. The men were a tough breed of ‘sea-rats’, some former sailors, others ex-convicts Some joined gangs after stowing away on ships from Sydney.

The slaughter

There were two main killing seasons – between October and November when the cows joined the bulls and pupped soon after, and from April when the young pups were slaughtered..They would swing their clubs (usually made of rātā wood) to left and right until all were slaughtered. Then they would skin the seals, place the skins out to dry and salt them for packing. Hunting was not quite as easy as it might seem. It was often done at night, over dangerous rocks or reefs. Many a hunter slipped and drowned. To prevent slipping on wet rock, the sealers would wear flax sandals known by the Māori name pāraerae.

The legacy

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology. A number of sealing gangs were attacked by Māori after 1810, but in general the contact was harmonious. Some sealers like James Caddell joined the Māori community, while others began trading from coastal settlements. Sealers were the first of the trans-Tasman communities of hard working men that played a significant role in establishing a footloose tradition in New Zealand, subsequently carried on by groups like whalers, gold miners and bushmen.

Work through the following activities.

Define the following words using a dictionary:

Convict

A convict is a criminal

Inititiate

initiate is to start a fight

Supplement

Means to add on

Stow away

A criminal who has traveled to avoid punishment for crime in a country

Slaughter

Means to kill

Harmonious

It means to be in peace

2. Summarise each section of the reading in no more than three sentences.

First European sealers

In 1773 captain James Cook spent time in Dusky sound where numbers of fur seals still survived. His men clubbed and shot them until they were killed, then they used the skins to repair the rigging and used their oil for light. Soon after people from London sent a sealing gang to Dusky sound in November 1792 , and When the men were picked up in September 1793 they had collected 4,500 skins.

Seal rushes:

After 1803 traders looked to England, where seal fur was being used for making hats, and the leather for shoes. Then they started to collect Elephant seal oil instead of fur seal oil for lighting for the fact that it stops the lighting from smelling and smoking.Sealers tried to keep their sealing locations secret from competitors although It appears that there was a rush to Dusky Sound and the West Coast in 1803.

Decline:

Most of the sealing in New Zealand was organised by Sydney companies, nearly all founded by ex-convicts. A few American captains and ships were used too. The men were a tough breed of ‘sea-rats’, some former sailors, others ex-convicts. Some joined gangs after stowing away on ships from Sydney.

In the early 1820s, sealers were more shore-based, and numbers of Māori became involved. Increasingly sealers added to their incomes with trade in potatoes, flax and timber, and by the 1830s most had become traders or even whalers. Sealing survived only as an off-season hobby of shore-based whalers.

Who were the sealers?

Most of the sealing in New Zealand was organised by Sydney companies, nearly all founded by ex-convicts. A few American captains and ships were used too. The men were a tough breed of sea-rats’, some sailors, others ex-convicts Some joined gangs after stowing away on ships from Sydney.

The Slaughter:

There were two main sealing seasons – between October and November when the cows joined the bulls and pups came soon after, and from April when the young pups were then killed.They would swing their clubs (usually made of rātā wood) to left and right until all were killed Then they would skin the seals, place the skins out to dry and salt them for packing. Hunting was not quite as easy as it might seem It was often done at night, over dangerous rocks or reefs. A hunter slipped and drowned. To prevent slipping on wet rock, the sealers would wear flax sandals known by the Māori name pāraerae.

The Legacy:

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

3. Using a map of Aotearoa/New Zealand mark the locations where sealers were

based. Use your map for activity 4.

4. Using the information from your article and your answers to these questions, design a poster or slide, with a buddy, and present your learning about sealers to the class.

Side: harp seal
1 point

First European sealers

It was perhaps bad luck for seals that in 1773 Captain James Cook spent time in Dusky Sound, where numbers of fur seals still survived. Cook’s men shot or clubbed the seals for food, and used their skins for repairing rigging, and their oil for lamps. Their potential as a trading item was especially noted in Sydney where the new convict settlement were seeking ways of paying for imports. A London firm who were active in transporting convicts to Sydney arranged for the Britannia to drop a sealing gang in Dusky Sound in November 1792. They were to obtain skins for the Chinese market as payment for tea. When the men were picked up in September 1793 they had collected 4,500 skins.

Seal rushes

After 1803 traders looked to England, where seal fur was in demand for hats, and the leather for shoes. In addition seal oil, especially from elephant seals, burned without smoke or smell and was needed for lighting. Sealers tried to keep their sealing locations secret from competitors. It appears that there was a rush to Dusky Sound and the West Coast in 1803, mainly for skins. Two years later American sealers initiated a surge to the Antipodes Islands, and to a lesser extent the Bounty and Auckland islands. In three years, 140,000 seals were killed in the Antipodes Islands. By 1808 sealers were back, working around Foveaux Strait and Stewart Island. Two years later there was a rush to Macquarie and Campbell islands, largely for elephant-seal oil rather than skins.

Decline

In the early 1820s, sealers were now more shore-based, and numbers of Māori became involved. Increasingly sealers supplemented their incomes with trade in potatoes, flax and timber, and by the 1830s most had become traders or even whalers. Sealing survived only as an off-season hobby of shore-based whalers. As seal numbers dwindled, hunting was confined to the winter by a law of 1875. The last sealing came in 1946 when an open season was declared in Otago and Southland from fear that seals were harming the fisheries. The 6,187 seals killed from June to September in that year were the last legally killed in New Zealand.

The sealers

Who were the sealers?

Most of the sealing in New Zealand was organised by Sydney companies, nearly all founded by ex-convicts. A few American captains and ships were used too. The men were a tough breed of ‘sea-rats’, some former sailors, others ex-convicts Some joined gangs after stowing away on ships from Sydney.

The slaughter

There were two main killing seasons – between October and November when the cows joined the bulls and pupped soon after, and from April when the young pups were slaughtered..They would swing their clubs (usually made of rātā wood) to left and right until all were slaughtered. Then they would skin the seals, place the skins out to dry and salt them for packing. Hunting was not quite as easy as it might seem. It was often done at night, over dangerous rocks or reefs. Many a hunter slipped and drowned. To prevent slipping on wet rock, the sealers would wear flax sandals known by the Māori name pāraerae.

The legacy

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology. A number of sealing gangs were attacked by Māori after 1810, but in general the contact was harmonious. Some sealers like James Caddell joined the Māori community, while others began trading from coastal settlements. Sealers were the first of the trans-Tasman communities of hard working men that played a significant role in establishing a footloose tradition in New Zealand, subsequently carried on by groups like whalers, gold miners and bushmen.

Work through the following activities.

Define the following words using a dictionary:

Convict

A convict is a criminal

Inititiate

initiate is to start a fight

Supplement

Means to add on

Stow away

A criminal who has traveled to avoid punishment for crime in a country

Slaughter

Means to kill

Harmonious

It means to be in peace

2. Summarise each section of the reading in no more than three sentences.

First European sealers

In 1773 captain James Cook spent time in Dusky sound where numbers of fur seals still survived. His men clubbed and shot them until they were killed, then they used the skins to repair the rigging and used their oil for light. Soon after people from London sent a sealing gang to Dusky sound in November 1792 , and When the men were picked up in September 1793 they had collected 4,500 skins.

Seal rushes:

After 1803 traders looked to England, where seal fur was being used for making hats, and the leather for shoes. Then they started to collect Elephant seal oil instead of fur seal oil for lighting for the fact that it stops the lighting from smelling and smoking.Sealers tried to keep their sealing locations secret from competitors although It appears that there was a rush to Dusky Sound and the West Coast in 1803.

Decline:

Most of the sealing in New Zealand was organised by Sydney companies, nearly all founded by ex-convicts. A few American captains and ships were used too. The men were a tough breed of ‘sea-rats’, some former sailors, others ex-convicts. Some joined gangs after stowing away on ships from Sydney.

In the early 1820s, sealers were more shore-based, and numbers of Māori became involved. Increasingly sealers added to their incomes with trade in potatoes, flax and timber, and by the 1830s most had become traders or even whalers. Sealing survived only as an off-season hobby of shore-based whalers.

Who were the sealers?

Most of the sealing in New Zealand was organised by Sydney companies, nearly all founded by ex-convicts. A few American captains and ships were used too. The men were a tough breed of sea-rats’, some sailors, others ex-convicts Some joined gangs after stowing away on ships from Sydney.

The Slaughter:

There were two main sealing seasons – between October and November when the cows joined the bulls and pups came soon after, and from April when the young pups were then killed.They would swing their clubs (usually made of rātā wood) to left and right until all were killed Then they would skin the seals, place the skins out to dry and salt them for packing. Hunting was not quite as easy as it might seem It was often done at night, over dangerous rocks or reefs. A hunter slipped and drowned. To prevent slipping on wet rock, the sealers would wear flax sandals known by the Māori name pāraerae.

The Legacy:

In the long term, sealing had more impact on the fate of the seals than on the

evolution of society in New Zealand. But the trade did bring over 30 ships to the south of New Zealand, and exposed Māori there to European people and technology.

3. Using a map of Aotearoa/New Zealand mark the locations where sealers were

based. Use your map for activity 4.

4. Using the information from your article and your answers to these questions, design a poster or slide, with a buddy, and present your learning about sealers to the class.

Side: harp seal